TASCAM 38 Reel-to-Reel Tape Deck Repair Guide

Model Overview

The TASCAM 38 is a professional 1/2" 8-track reel-to-reel tape deck introduced in the 1980s. It was designed for project studio use and is known for its robust construction, reliable transport, and good audio quality. The 38 features a three-motor transport system, dual-capstan drive, and microprocessor control.

Common Issues and Solutions

Transport Mechanism Problems

The TASCAM 38 features a complex transport system that can develop issues:

• Pinch roller solenoid issues: The solenoid mechanism can become sticky or fail to engage properly
• Capstan motor problems: The DC capstan motor can develop speed stability issues
• Brake system wear: Brake bands can wear out or become glazed
• Tension arm problems: Tension arms can become misaligned or develop bearing issues

Electronic Issues

Common electrical problems include:

• Capacitor failure: Electrolytic capacitors dry out, causing various issues including noise and power supply problems
• Relay contact problems: Oxidized contacts cause intermittent operation
• Power supply issues: Failed regulators or diodes cause incorrect voltages
• Potentiometer noise: Dirty pots cause crackling in audio controls
• Microcontroller issues: The system microprocessor can develop problems affecting transport control

Capacitor Replacement Guide

The following capacitors should be replaced in any comprehensive restoration:

Critical Components to Check/Replace

Component	Reference	Location	Notes
Voltage Regulators	IC101, IC102	Power Supply	Check for proper output voltages (+24V, +15V, -15V)
Relays	RLY101, RLY102	Control Board	Clean or replace oxidized contacts
Pinch Roller Solenoid	N/A	Transport	Clean and lubricate mechanism
Capstan Motor	N/A	Transport	Check and replace if speed unstable
Tension Arms	N/A	Transport	Clean bearings and check alignment

Mechanical Maintenance Procedure

1. Disconnect power and remove covers
2. Carefully clean the transport mechanism with isopropyl alcohol
3. Inspect and replace worn brake bands if necessary
4. Remove old hardened lubricant from all moving parts
5. Apply fresh lubricant to appropriate areas:
   • Capstan bearing: Light machine oil
   • Guide rods: Light grease
   • Levers and pivots: Light machine oil
6. Clean and inspect the pinch roller; replace if hardened or cracked
7. Check and adjust tape tension as needed
8. Clean all switches and potentiometers with contact cleaner
9. Clean tension sensors with isopropyl alcohol
10. Lubricate the solenoid mechanism

Calibration Procedure

After capacitor replacement, these calibrations are essential:

• Set playback level and EQ using MRL calibration tape
• Adjust record level and bias for each tape type
• Check and adjust tape tension
• Verify tape speed accuracy (7.5 and 15 ips)
• Adjust head azimuth for proper high-frequency response
• Calibrate reproduce and record electronics for all channels
• Set proper brake tension for smooth operation

Additional Tips

• Use high-quality, low-ESR capacitors for longer life
• Document all adjustments before making changes
• Check all resistors near replaced components; they may have drifted in value
• Clean the record/playback switches thoroughly as they often cause noise
• Allow the unit to warm up for 30 minutes before making final adjustments
• Consider replacing relay contacts if they show signs of pitting or oxidation
• Check the microcontroller board for battery leakage (if equipped with backup battery)